What are the general tests of safety regulations? What are the specific test items?

Date：2022-03-04 14:14:00Views：1947

What is safety testing? Safety regulation test is the requirements for product safety, including the safety requirements of product parts and the safety requirements after the composition of finished products. The scope of safety regulation test includes information products, audio and video products, household appliances, lighting products, toys, on-board electrical products, other electrical products, electronic and electrical components, wireless remote control products, etc. How to obtain products with complete quality and no harm to users has become a factor gradually valued by consumers. In order to better protect the rights and interests of consumers, product safety certification is bound to be more and more extensive and paid more and more attention. So what are the safety test items?

1. Input test

The purpose of safety regulation input test is to investigate whether the input meets the current required by the product during normal operation and whether the input circuit can bear the current required by the product during operation. It is stipulated in the product standard that the input current with maximum power consumption shall not be greater than 110% of the nominal value of the product. This nominal value also tells the user the minimum current required for the safe operation of the product, so that the user should prepare such an electrical environment before using the equipment.

2. Stability test of safety signs

The safety warning signs for users must be stable and reliable, and can not be blurred after use for a period of time, which will lead to users' wrong use and lead to danger, or directly lead to danger. So we need to test the stability. It is stipulated in the safety standard that 15s shall be tested with water, and then 15s shall be tested with gasoline. The identification shall not be blurred.

3. Capacitance discharge test

For a device with pluggable power cord, its power cord will often be pulled out of the socket, and the power plug of the socket will often be played or placed arbitrarily. This leads to a problem. The unplugged power plug is charged, and the electricity disappears with time. If this time is too long, it will cause electric shock to the people playing with the plug, and the arbitrarily placed power plug will damage other equipment or the equipment itself. Therefore, each complete machine safety standard makes strict provisions on this time. We need to consider this time when designing products, and this time needs to be measured for product safety certification.

4. Circuit stability test

1) SELV circuit SELV circuit is a safe voltage circuit. This circuit is safe for users. For example, from the DC output of mobile phone charger to mobile phone, they are safe and can be touched arbitrarily without danger.

Note: SELV circuit has different interpretations in different standards. For example, the interpretation in iec60364 is different from that in iec60950-1. Therefore, the risks of SELV under which standard should be noted are also different. SELV circuit needs to meet special requirements before it can be a SELV circuit. These requirements still meet the requirements of SELV circuit in case of single fault. Therefore, each SELV circuit needs to be tested under a single fault to prove that the SELV circuit is stable. During the test, a single fault is introduced one by one to monitor the SELV circuit.

2) Power limiting source circuit

Since the output power of power limiting source circuit is very small, they will not cause fire hazard in the known experience. Therefore, in the safety standard, the requirements for the shell of this kind of circuit are specially reduced, and their flame retardant grade is UL94V-2. Therefore, such circuits need to be measured to prove that they are power limiting source circuits.

3) Current limiting source circuit

You should know that after a certain resistance, AC220V circuit is not dangerous to people. So what is the resistance and what are the requirements for resistance. Maybe you don't know. There is this provision in the safety standard, which is the current limiting source circuit. Current limiting source current requires that under normal circuit and single fault, the outflow current is below the safety limit and will not cause danger to people, less than 0.25ma. For the resistance of isolating primary and secondary circuits, it is required to meet the impact resistance of special standards.

5. Continuous grounding test

People who have done electrical installation know that some equipment must be grounded, otherwise there will be dangerous voltage on the surface they can touch. These hazardous voltages must be released through grounding. The safety regulation test specifies how much current needs to be used and how long it takes. The measured resistance must be less than 0.1 ohm or the voltage drop must be less than 2.5V (this value can be used if possible)

6. Moisture test

Moisture test is to simulate the safety performance of the equipment under extreme ring tightness. After the equipment is manufactured, it can operate safely under any humidity. You can't tell the user that the equipment can't be used because it's rainy season and the humidity is high. Therefore, in the design, it must be considered that the equipment can meet the safety requirements under the foreseeable humidity, so the humidity test is necessary. The test requirements are slightly different according to different standards.

7. Torque test

Torsion test refers to the bending deformation of the external conductor of the equipment under the action of external force. This test is to test the bending times that the conductor can withstand, and will not break due to external force and expose AC220V wire in the product life cycle.

8. Stability test

In normal use, the equipment often has different external forces. For example, people will lean on the relatively high equipment, or someone will climb it during maintenance; The relatively short equipment looks like a stool, and someone may stand on it and wait. As the equipment is affected by these external forces, the danger of equipment collapse and overturning caused by the weekly plenary session is not considered in the design of the equipment. Therefore, these tests need to be done after the equipment design is completed. Check that they meet safety requirements.

9. Shell stress test

During the use of the equipment, it will be affected by various external forces. These external forces may deform the equipment shell, which may lead to the danger inside the equipment or the index can not meet the requirements. Therefore, these effects must be considered in the design of equipment, and these indicators must be tested in safety certification.

10. Drop test

Small equipment or desktop equipment, in normal use, may fall from the hand or workbench to the ground. These drops may cause the internal safety indicators of the equipment to fail to meet the requirements. Therefore, this influence must be considered in the design of equipment, and these indicators need to be tested in safety certification. The requirement is that after the equipment falls, the function can be lost, but it can not cause danger to users.

11. Stress release test

If there are dangerous circuits inside the equipment, it is not allowed if the shell of the equipment is deformed during normal use, resulting in dangerous exposure. These effects must be considered when designing the equipment, and these indicators must be tested during safety certification.

12. Battery charge and discharge test

If there is a rechargeable battery inside the equipment, charge and discharge test, charge test and overcharge test under single fault are required. This is because the equipment is in normal use, charging and discharging, and the equipment has faults, but the main functions have not been lost, and the user will not find the equipment fault. In this case, the impulse discharge is required to be safe, and explosion and other hazards cannot occur.

13. Equipment temperature rise test (temperature of internal and external surfaces under normal operation)

In the safety test, the temperature rise test is the most important. Although the test equipment and instruments are the same as the artificial climate environment test, the test investigation items, test devices and purposes are very different. The artificial climate environment mainly investigates the adaptability and reliability of the equipment. The safety regulations examine whether the equipment can work safely.

14. Ball pressure test

As insulating materials or plastic parts supporting hazardous voltage, ball pressure test shall be conducted to ensure that the plastic parts have sufficient support strength when the hazardous voltage parts work at high temperature. The test temperature is the maximum temperature plus 15 ℃, but not less than 125 ℃. The ball pressing time is maintained at the required temperature for 1H.

15. Contact current test

Contact current is often referred to as leakage current. This current is strictly controlled, and all safety regulations and standards have strict regulations. Therefore, this current should be strictly controlled in design and tested during product certification.

16. Voltage withstand test

Withstand voltage test is also called withstand voltage test or high voltage test. It is mainly used to investigate the withstand capacity of equipment insulation and whether the designed insulation meets the design requirements. The test voltage of different insulation is different. The withstand voltage test is carried out after moisture treatment, so as to investigate the resistance of the equipment to moisture.

17. Abnormal test

Abnormal test is divided into single fault test, error use test and common abnormal use test. Single fault test refers to that the equipment is required to be safe under a fault state. Incorrect use refers to that the equipment has adjustment devices or other devices, which are tested when the position or state is wrong. The equipment is required to be safe, which allows the loss of equipment function. Common abnormal use test: it refers to some decorative parts that may be added to the equipment because people like beauty, and these decorations are extremely unfavorable to the heat dissipation of the equipment. For example, cover a dust cover on the TV and forget to take it off when using the TV. The mobile phone is in a mobile phone bag.

18. Design safety regulations

Safety regulation design is to meet the safety requirements of products in equipment products. The specific requirements of each standard are different, but the purpose is to protect the safety of users.

The above is the relevant content of the safety regulation test brought by the core creation test. I hope it can be helpful to you. We will bring more wonderful content in the later stage. The company's testing services cover: electronic component testing and verification, IC authenticity identification, product design and material selection, failure analysis, function testing, factory incoming material inspection, tape braiding and other testing items. Welcome to call Chuangxin testing. We will serve you wholeheartedly.