Conventional methods and ideas of failure analysis

Date：2022-02-23 16:54:13Views：1343

Failure refers to the failure of electronic components. The important components of various electronic systems or electronic circuits are generally different types of components. When it needs more components, it indicates that the complexity of its equipment is higher; On the contrary, it is low. Generally, the circuit fault is defined as the loss of the specified function of the circuit system.

Ideas of failure analysis

In order to effectively analyze the failure of electronic components, we must form a clear idea. Generally, the failure analysis of electronic components is mainly carried out step by step according to this idea: ① determine whether it is failure; ② Clarify the ultimate purpose of failure analysis; ③ Starting from the failure phenomenon, list all doubts about the failure position; ④ Draw up a plan to eliminate doubts; Analyze the failure position level by level; ⑤ Envisage and list all possible causes of failure parts; ⑥ Test assumptions with experiments; ⑦ Propose and review the failure prevention scheme; ⑧ Test the effectiveness of the failure prevention scheme with facts; ⑨ Truly implement the plan to prevent failure.

Common methods of failure analysis

There are many techniques for failure analysis of electronic components, but the commonly used ones are mainly as follows. The details are as follows.

Pull out insertion method

Pull out and insert method refers to monitoring the process of pulling out and inserting the component board or plug-in board, and judging whether the connection interface pulled out and inserted is the place where the fault occurs. It is worth noting that when the pull-out and insertion method is used for failure analysis, there will be special conditions in the process of pulling out and inserting the component board or plug-in board, that is, the place where the state changes is sometimes not only the connection interface, but also other parts. Therefore, when applying the pull-out insertion method, we should pay attention to observe each part and subtle changes in order to make a correct judgment.

Sensory discrimination

Sensory discrimination is the way to judge whether there is abnormality by observing the shape of parts, sensing the temperature and hardness of parts by hand touch, nose smell and smell, and ear hearing sound. Sensory discrimination method is simple and economical, but the content that can be distinguished will be restricted by sensory ability.

Power pull bias method

The power supply biasing method refers to biasing the normal power supply and voltage to make it in an abnormal state, and then exposing weak links or faults, so as to reflect the faulty or near faulty components and components. This method is generally used in the case of fault caused by long working time or preliminary judgment that the fault is caused by power grid fluctuation. It is safe to pull the power supply or other factors before use. It must not be worth checking.

Replacement of spare parts

By monitoring the removed suspicious components or parts, and then replacing the qualified spare parts, compare and analyze the fault phenomena. If the fault phenomenon disappears, finally determine whether the fault source point is in the removed parts. This method is the method of replacing the spare parts.

The above contents are several methods with high application frequency for failure analysis of electronic components. In addition, there are static and dynamic measurement methods; Raise and lower temperature method; Knock and pinch positioning method, etc.

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