What is welding? What are the classifications of welding?

Date：2021-10-12 13:10:34 Views：2170

Welding, also known as fusion welding and fusion welding, is a manufacturing process and technology of joining metals or other thermoplastic materials such as plastics by heating, high temperature or high pressure. And a connection method to realize that the performance of the welded joint reaches or exceeds the performance of the welded material, that is, the base metal. In order to help you have an in-depth understanding, this paper will summarize the relevant knowledge of welding. If you are interested in what this article will cover, read on.

Characteristics of welding production

(1) Save metal materials and light structure weight.

(2) To make heavy and complex machine parts, simplify casting, forging and cutting processes, and obtain the best technical and economic results.

(3) The welded joint has good mechanical properties and tightness.

(4) It can manufacture bimetallic structure and make full use of the properties of materials

Substance symbolizing connection

Welding in the traditional sense refers to the combination of atoms or molecules of separated materials by physical or chemical methods to form a whole with certain performance requirements (such as strength, toughness, high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, etc.). Today, there are nearly 100 kinds of welding processes and technologies, and force, heat, light, electricity All available energy such as sound and chemistry to achieve the purpose of connection.

Interatomic connection

The application of welding technology involves almost all industrial fields, such as transportation, construction engineering, electrical engineering, energy, aerospace, microelectronics and so on. With the development of metallurgy and material science, the popularization and application of computer and network technology, the theory of material connection and welding manufacturing technology have developed rapidly. Modern welding technology can meet the basic needs of the current manufacturing industry.

Classification of welding

According to the different heating degree and process characteristics in the welding process, the welding methods can be divided into three categories.

(1) Fusion welding

The welding part of the workpiece is locally heated to the melting state to form a molten pool (usually filled with filler metal). After cooling and crystallization, the weld is formed, which is combined into an inseparable whole by the welder. Common fusion welding methods include gas welding, arc welding, electroslag welding, plasma arc welding, electron beam welding, laser welding, etc.

(2) Pressure welding

In the welding process, whether heated or not, pressurized welding method is required. Common pressure welding includes resistance welding, friction welding, cold pressure welding, diffusion welding, explosive welding, etc.

(3) Brazing

After the solder (filler metal) whose melting point is lower than the welded metal is melted, the joint gap is filled and diffused with the welded metal to realize connection. During brazing, the welded parts do not melt and generally have no plastic deformation.

Welding application field

However, there are still serious challenges in the connection of heterogeneous materials, microelectronics and micromechanics, welding under special environmental conditions, and the connection technology of biomaterials is almost blank, so the prospect of the welding field to be developed is still very bright.

There are many kinds of energy sources in modern welding, including gas flame, arc, laser, electron beam, friction and ultrasonic. In addition to being used in the factory, welding can also be carried out in a variety of environments, such as field, underwater and space. No matter where, welding may bring danger to the operator, so appropriate protective measures must be taken during welding. Possible injuries caused by welding to human body include burns, electric shock, visual damage, inhalation of toxic gases, excessive ultraviolet radiation, etc.

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