IC chip detection method: how to identify the authenticity of components through appearance?

Date：2021-09-27 11:14:00Views：2242

With the emergence of new technologies, coupled with high profits and low risks, IC chip counterfeit products have become more complex and rampant. When there is a shortage of components, in order to ensure the uninterrupted supply of components, many companies may also look for unauthorized informal sources, but it exacerbates the existing problem of component counterfeiting. Nowadays, the proliferation of counterfeit electronic components has become a major pain point in the component industry. How to distinguish whether the purchased components are counterfeit through appearance? How to identify the authenticity of components?

First of all, how do these inferior chips come into being? There are hundreds of chips on a wafer. After the wafer is produced, it should be tested and marked with bad marks; The tested wafers are cut and packaged. After packaging, we see the chip with pins. The chip marked as bad in the packaging stage will also be discarded. The chips that fail to pass the test are recycled by the manufacturer who bought the bare chips, cut and bound by himself, but the chips marked as bad will also be discarded. Usually, the formal testing process is time-consuming and costly, so some wafer factories will sell untested wafers to manufacturers who need bare chips, and the latter will test them themselves. However, the latter usually does not have good test equipment. At the same time, in order to save money and reduce test items, some chips that could not pass in the semiconductor factory are used in the final products, resulting in the instability of product quality.

Optical microscope is usually used for appearance inspection to check whether the coplanarity of the chip, surface printing, device body and pins meet specific requirements. According to the requirements of IC appearance inspection, it should be easy to see from the inspection of label, disc, tape, printing color and chip thickness.

Key points: silk screen printing, body, pin

Silk screen printing requirements: clear, complete, correct, uniform position, regular font, logo specification, die number and gravure printing of origin, and obvious Pin1

Main requirements: the size specification, crack, deformity, scratch, glue overflow, deformation and substrate leakage meet the standards

Pin requirements: deformation, copper leakage, excessive tin, missing, abnormal size, discoloration, etc

You should know that the purpose of renovation is to renovate the used integrated circuits, or change the unused integrated circuits with low quality level to high quality level, or change the Datecode to a newer date. Because the refurbishment needs to cover up the original identification and use characteristics of IC, this type of fake refurbished devices is easier to identify. Obvious refurbishment characteristics can be found by external visual inspection with stereo microscope and plastic packaging material inspection with metallographic microscope. The proliferation of counterfeit refurbished devices not only disrupts the normal market order, but also brings serious harm to the quality and reliability of electronic products and whole machine system: it affects the product development and production cycle, greatly increases the production and maintenance cost, and reduces the reliability of products. Some counterfeit refurbished devices have even penetrated into the U.S. military procurement chain.

In conclusion, the identification of counterfeit refurbished devices is more effective, and the methods that can identify the vast majority of counterfeit refurbished devices mainly include external visual inspection, X-ray inspection and internal visual inspection after decap. Nowadays, counterfeiting of electronic components is common, and many fake products such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, MOS tubes and single chip computers are circulating in the market. In addition to finding some regular agents to buy as much as possible, engineers and buyers should also polish their eyes and learn to identify fake goods!

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