What items are included in the testing of electronic components?

Date：2021-08-20 11:20:51Views：1492

General electronic components have corresponding technical parameters, which can be obtained from the standards of electronic components and the technical data provided by the manufacturer. The detection of components is an essential basic work. How to accurately and effectively detect the relevant parameters of components and judge whether the components are normal is not a stereotype. Different methods must be adopted according to different components to judge whether the components are normal or not, and there are different types of tests.

Electronic components can be divided into two categories: components and devices. The quality of the test is generally measured with a multimeter, and the components are mainly checked according to their own characteristics. For example, resistance is to check its size according to the characteristics of resistance. Generally, resistance damage is due to the increase of resistance value. For devices, it is necessary to check in combination with the characteristics of the main components of the device. For example, the detection of diode is to detect the positive and negative characteristics of PN junction. To learn systematically, you can find a book on electronic components to learn the quality detection of various components.

First introduce three kinds: routine test - mainly test the appearance, size, electrical performance and safety performance of electronic components;

Reliability test - mainly test the service life and environmental test of electronic components;

DPA analysis -- mainly control the internal structure and process of the device.

Routine test: test the basic parameters according to the device specifications, such as triode. Test the appearance, size, Icbo, Vceo, Vces, HFE, pin tension, pin bending, weldability, welding heat resistance and other items. Some export products also need to test RoHS.

Reliability test: according to the requirements of the user and the specification, test the service life of the device and various environmental tests, such as triode. High temperature test, low temperature test, moisture test, vibration test, maximum load test, high temperature durability test and other tests shall be carried out;

DPA analysis: such as triode, the main means include X-ray monitoring of internal structure, acoustic scanning monitoring of internal structure and packaging process, unsealing monitoring of internal wafer structure and size, etc.

When identifying and testing electronic components, the following operations shall be carried out:

1) Check that the model, specification, manufacturer and place of origin of components must meet the design requirements, and the outer packaging must be intact.

2) Check that the appearance of components must be intact, and the surface must be free of defects such as depression, scratch and crack. Components with coating on the outside must be free of falling off and scratch.

3) The electrode leads of components shall be free from crimping and bending, and the coating shall be intact and smooth without oxidation and corrosion.

4) The model and specification marks on the components shall be clear and complete, the color code position and color shall meet the standards, and the characters on the integrated circuit shall be carefully checked.

5) The size of components of mechanical structure shall be qualified, the thread shall be flexible and the rotation feel shall be appropriate.

6) Switch components are flexible and feel good; The connector shall have proper tightness and good contact. The components in various electronic products have their own characteristics. During inspection, the inspection contents shall be determined according to the specific requirements of each component.

Different and devices have different test methods, mainly according to the specifications and use requirements. If their own branch has enterprise standards or operation instructions, they can be carried out according to the standards.