The difference between mechanical shock and vibration

Date：2023-08-31 15:42:00Views：566

Mechanical impact refers to the phenomenon of sudden stop or change of direction during mechanical movement, causing instantaneous impact and vibration of components in the mechanical system, thereby causing damage to the mechanical system or affecting its normal operation. Mechanical shock and vibration are two different physical phenomena that have different applications and meanings in the field of mechanical engineering. The following will provide a detailed introduction to the differences between mechanical shock and vibration.

1. Definition

Mechanical impact refers to the instantaneous impact force acting on the surface of an object, characterized by the instantaneous transmission of energy, with an extremely short action time, usually completed in a few milliseconds or less. Mechanical shock can be simulated using pulse waveforms, square waveforms, and other waveforms.

Vibration refers to the periodic reciprocating motion of an object around its equilibrium position, characterized by gradual energy transfer and a longer action time, usually between tens of milliseconds and a few minutes. Vibration can be simulated using waveforms such as sine and cosine.

2. Causes of Formation

The formation of mechanical impact is usually caused by external factors such as sudden impact, collision, explosion, etc. Its action time is very short, but its energy is very large.

The formation of vibration is usually caused by internal factors such as imbalance, asymmetry, and looseness in the mechanical system. Its action time is long, but its energy is relatively small.

3. Application field

Mechanical impact is mainly used in the field of mechanical engineering to test the impact resistance and durability of objects, such as testing the collision safety performance of cars and the impact resistance of mobile phones.

Vibration is mainly used in the field of mechanical engineering to test the structural strength and stability of objects, such as testing the vibration stability of bridges and testing the vibration noise of machines.

4. Impact on objects

The impact of mechanical impact on objects is usually instantaneous and can cause damage such as damage, deformation, and fracture. Therefore, in mechanical impact testing, it is necessary to provide special protection and support to the object to avoid damage.

The impact of vibration on objects is usually long-term and can lead to problems such as fatigue, looseness, vibration noise, etc. Therefore, in mechanical vibration testing, it is necessary to provide special support and fixation for the object to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

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