Analytical and testing methods for polymer materials

Date：2023-05-26 14:27:36Views：254

Polymer materials are a type of composite material widely used in various fields, such as plastics, rubber, fibers, etc. It is very important to understand the properties and characteristics of polymer materials when developing and applying them, which requires experimental testing and analysis. This article will introduce several commonly used methods for analyzing and testing polymer materials.

1、 Thermal analysis

Thermal analysis is an experimental method that analyzes the thermal response of materials at different temperatures to understand their properties and characteristics. Common thermal analysis techniques include differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic thermal mechanical analysis (DMA).

Differential scanning calorimetry is a commonly used thermal analysis technique that measures the temperature difference between the sample and the reference sample to analyze the thermal properties and thermal conversion process of the sample. Thermogravimetric analysis is a method of measuring the mass change of a sample under conditions such as heating or oxidation. It analyzes the thermal stability and thermal conversion process of the sample by recording the mass change curve. The dynamic thermal mechanical analysis method can measure the thermal changes of samples during deformation to understand the thermal deformation performance of materials.

2、 Mechanical testing

Mechanical testing is a method of understanding the mechanical properties of materials by testing their physical properties. The commonly used mechanical testing methods include tensile testing, compression testing, bending testing, and fatigue testing.

Tensile testing can measure the stress-strain curve of a sample during the stretching process to understand its mechanical properties such as strength and ductility. Compression testing can measure the stress-strain curve of a sample during compression to understand its compressive strength and other properties. Bending testing can measure the stress-strain curve of a sample during the bending process to understand its bending stiffness and toughness. Fatigue testing can measure the performance changes of materials under cyclic loading to understand their fatigue life and fatigue crack propagation performance.

3、 Microscopic analysis

Microscopic analysis is an experimental method for understanding the microstructure and morphology of materials through microscopic observation. Common microscopy analysis techniques include optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

An optical microscope can observe the morphology and structure of samples, such as crystal morphology, color, and relative content distribution of different materials. SEM and TEM can obtain higher resolution images, displaying very fine material structural characteristics, such as crystal morphology and fibers in the material.

4、 Molecular structure analysis

Molecular structure analysis is an experimental method to understand the chemical properties and characteristics of materials by analyzing their molecular structure. Common molecular structure analysis techniques include X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared spectroscopy.

X-ray diffraction technology is a method of studying the structure of solid materials using X-rays. Nuclear magnetic resonance technology is a method of measuring the state of nuclear spin motion in materials through magnetic fields and radio frequency signals. Infrared spectrum analysis can detect the vibration frequency of chemical bond in materials to understand the chemical structure and molecular characteristics of materials.

The above are some commonly used polymer material analysis and testing methods, which can provide us with valuable information about material properties and characteristics, and provide us with scientific basis for optimizing design and improving applications. However, these experimental methods themselves have limitations, and sometimes other testing methods need to be combined to comprehensively understand the properties and characteristics of materials. Our company has a team of professional engineers and industry elites, with three standardized laboratories covering an area of over 1800 square meters. We can undertake various testing projects such as electronic component testing and verification, IC authenticity identification, product design and material selection, failure analysis, functional testing, factory incoming material inspection, and tape weaving.