The principle and purpose of metallographic analysis

Date：2023-05-25 15:45:27Views：280

Metallographic analysis is the use of microscope technology to observe the internal microstructure and crystal defects of a material, and further analyze and evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of the material. In this article, we will introduce the principles and objectives of metallographic analysis.

The principle of metallographic analysis is based on the principles of metallographic microscopy, which simply means observing the microstructure and morphological characteristics of materials using optical principles. The process of metallographic analysis includes steps such as sampling, pre-treatment, polishing, corrosion, staining, and microscopic observation of material samples.

In a metallographic microscope, the sample of the material is placed on the microscope stage and focused, and the reflected light from the sample surface is gathered under the objective lens through the microscope lens and optical system, forming an enlarged image. The enlarged image can visually display the microstructure of the sample, including grain size, grain boundaries, twinning, inclusions, and so on.

Another important step in metallographic analysis is corrosion treatment. Corrosion treatment can expose the internal organizational structure of the material, enhance the reflection ability between sample surfaces, and make the sample easier to observe under a microscope. In general, metal materials are prepared into different corrosive solutions by combining acid or hydrochloric acid with water, ethanol, etc., to corrode the surface materials and achieve the purpose of exposing tissues.

Another important step in metallographic analysis is staining. Different types of organizational structures may have different affinities to different staining agents. Therefore, appropriate staining agents will make the tissue structure more clearly visible and improve the detection effect of metallographic microscopy.

By using metallographic analysis, important performance indicators such as microstructure, hardness, strength, and wear resistance of materials can be analyzed and evaluated, providing important basis for material performance evaluation and engineering applications.

Its main purposes are:

Understanding the organizational structure of materials: Metallographic analysis can observe the internal organizational structure and morphological characteristics of materials through microscope technology, thereby understanding the internal organizational structure of materials, such as crystal morphology, grain boundary conditions, twinning, defects, etc.

Analyze the performance of materials: The performance of materials is closely related to their organizational structure. Metallographic analysis can analyze the performance of materials by observing their organizational structure and morphological characteristics, such as hardness, strength, toughness, fatigue life, etc.

Evaluation of material preparation process: Metallographic analysis can also be used to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of material preparation process, such as observing information such as grain size and grain boundary distribution, calculating grain size distribution function, and optimizing material preparation process.

In summary, metallographic analysis is an important material analysis technique. Through metallographic analysis, the quality of materials can be evaluated, their mechanical properties and chemical composition can be determined, and the evolution process of materials can be studied. Chuangxin Testing is a professional testing institution for electronic components. Currently, it mainly provides integrated circuit testing services such as capacitors, resistors, connectors, MCU, CPLD, FPGA, DSP, etc. Specializing in functional testing of electronic components, appearance testing of incoming electronic components, anatomical testing of electronic components, acetone testing, X-ray scanning testing of electronic components, and ROHS composition analysis testing. Welcome to call, we will be happy to serve you!