What are the safety emergency measures for CMA/CNAS laboratories?

Date：2022-12-13 16:37:16Views：422

Laboratory accidents occur frequently, and the laboratory safety alarm bell must ring constantly. In order to prevent major safety accidents, it is necessary to improve the emergency management mechanism, which can quickly and effectively control and handle possible accidents, protect personal safety and property safety, and ensure the safety and normal operation of the laboratory. In order to help you understand, the following contents are organized by the Core Creation Testing Network for your reference.

1、 What are the emergency situations of laboratory safety?

fire

1. The occurrence of fire accidents is universal, and almost all laboratories may occur. Forgot to turn off the power, resulting in the equipment or electrical appliances being powered on for too long and the temperature being too high, causing fire;

2. Inadvertent operation or improper use may cause the fire source to contact flammable substances, causing fire;

3. The aging and overload operation of the power supply line lead to heating of the line and fire;

4. Throw cigarette butts indiscriminately and contact with flammable substances, causing fire.

blast

Most explosive accidents occur in laboratories with inflammable and explosive materials and pressure vessels:

1. Violation of operating procedures and ignition of flammable substances, which may lead to explosion;

2. The equipment is aged and has faults or defects, which causes the leakage of flammable and explosive materials and the explosion in case of sparks.

poisoning

Toxic accidents often occur in chemical laboratories with chemicals and highly toxic substances and laboratories with toxic gas emissions:

1. Violate the operating procedures and bring food into the laboratory with poison, causing accidental poisoning;

2. The equipment and facilities are aging and have faults or defects, which cause the leakage of toxic substances or the discharge of toxic gases, leading to poisoning;

3. Poor management results in the scattering and loss of toxic substances and environmental pollution;

4. The wastewater discharge pipeline is blocked or is out of repair, causing the outflow of toxic wastewater without treatment, causing environmental pollution;

5. Do not wear corresponding protective equipment during toxic and harmful operations;

6. The "three wastes" of the experiment are not treated as required, which pollutes the environment.

get an electric shock

1. Violation of operating procedures and disorderly pulling of wires;

2. There are faults and defects due to aging of equipment and facilities, resulting in electric leakage and shock.

burn

Local trauma caused by skin direct contact with strong corrosive substances, strong oxidants, strong reducing agents, such as concentrated acid, concentrated alkali, hydrofluoric acid, sodium, bromine, etc.:

1. During the chemical experiment, they did not wear goggles according to the requirements of the experiment, and their eyes were exposed to irritating gas, and chemicals, especially strong acids, alkalis, glass chips and other foreign bodies entered the eyes;

2. Observe objects with naked eyes for a long time under ultraviolet light;

3. When using drugs, they do not wear rubber gloves, but use their hands to take chemical drugs directly;

4. The treatment of irritating, smelly and toxic chemicals was not carried out in the fume hood, and the drugs and solvent vapor were inhaled;

5. Use a mouth pipette to take concentrated acid, concentrated alkali and toxic liquid, and smell the gas directly with your nose.

2、 What should the laboratory do?

Establish emergency organization and define responsibilities. The department head is the first person responsible for safety, and an emergency leading group for laboratory safety accidents is established. Main responsibilities of the leading group:

(1) Organize the formulation of safety assurance rules and regulations;

(2) Ensure the effective implementation of safety assurance rules and regulations;

(3) Organize safety inspection and eliminate potential safety accidents in time;

(4) Organize the formulation and implementation of emergency plans for safety accidents;

(5) Be responsible for the command of on-site first aid;

(6) Timely and accurately report safety accidents.

3、 Emergency Procedures for Laboratory Accidents

Emergency response plan for laboratory fire:

1. In case of fire, the on-site staff shall immediately take measures to prevent the fire from spreading and promptly report to the school;

2. Determine the location of the fire and determine the cause of the fire, such as compressed gas, liquefied gas, flammable liquid, flammable articles, spontaneous combustion articles, etc;

3. Determine the surrounding environment of the fire, and determine whether there are major hazard sources and whether secondary disasters will occur;

4. Define the basic methods of disaster relief, take corresponding measures, and use appropriate fire-fighting equipment to fight according to the emergency response procedures;

Water cooling method can be adopted for fires involving wood, cloth, paper, rubber, plastic and other solid combustible materials, but carbon dioxide, haloalkane and dry powder fire extinguishing agent shall be used for precious books and archives;

In case of chemical fire such as flammable and combustible liquid, flammable gas and grease, use large dose of foam extinguishing agent and dry powder extinguishing agent to extinguish the liquid fire;

In case of fire caused by electrified electrical equipment, the power supply shall be cut off before putting out the fire. Due to site conditions and other reasons, the power cannot be cut off. When it is necessary to put out the fire with electricity, sand or dry powder extinguishers shall be used instead of foam extinguishers or water;

Flammable metals, such as magnesium, sodium, potassium and their alloys, shall be extinguished with special fire extinguishing agents, such as dry sand or powder extinguishers;

5. According to the category and hazard level of possible hazardous chemical accidents, the hazardous area shall be delimited, and the surrounding areas of the accident site shall be isolated and dredged;

6. Call "119" for help according to the fire situation, and guide the fire truck to an obvious position.

Emergency response plan for laboratory explosion:

1. In case of explosion in the laboratory, the person in charge of the laboratory or the safety officer must cut off the power supply and pipeline valves in time when they think it is safe;

2. All personnel shall follow the arrangement of the temporary convener and evacuate the explosion site quickly through the emergency exit or other methods in an organized manner;

3. The emergency plan leading group is responsible for arranging rescue work and personnel placement.

Emergency response plan for laboratory poisoning:

In the experiment, if you feel sore throat, discoloration or cyanosis of lips, stomach spasm or nausea and vomiting, it may be caused by poisoning. After giving the following first aid according to the cause of poisoning, send the patient to the hospital immediately without delay.

1. First, move the poisoned person to a safe place, unfasten the collar buckle, make his/her breathing smooth, and let the poisoned person breathe fresh air;

2. The person poisoned by taking poison by mistake must vomit, wash stomach and conduct diarrhea immediately. The patient is sober and cooperative, and should drink plenty of water to induce vomiting, or use drugs to induce vomiting. Those who have poor vomiting effect or are unconscious should be sent to the hospital immediately for gastric lavage with gastric tube. Pregnant women should be careful to use emetic rescue;

3. For heavy metal salt poisoning, drink a glass of water solution containing several grams of MgS04 and seek medical advice immediately. Do not take emetics to avoid danger or complication. Arsenic and mercury poisoning must be treated urgently;

4. Those who are poisoned by inhaling irritating gas should be immediately transferred away from the poisoning site and given 2%~5% sodium bicarbonate solution for atomization inhalation and oxygen inhalation. The person with tracheospasm should be given antispasmodic drug atomization inhalation as appropriate. Emergency personnel shall generally be equipped with filter type gas masks, gas protective clothing, gas protective gloves, gas protective boots, etc.

Emergency response plan for electric shock in laboratory:

1. The principle of first aid for electric shock is to take active measures on site to protect the lives of the injured;

2. First aid for electric shock: first of all, the person who gets an electric shock shall be disconnected from the power supply as soon as possible. Before the person who gets an electric shock is disconnected from the power supply, the rescue personnel shall not directly touch the injured person with their hands;

How to disconnect the injured from the power supply:

(1) Cut off the power switch;

(2) If the power switch is far away, use a dry wooden sled, bamboo pole, etc. to pick up the wires or live equipment on the person who gets an electric shock;

(3) Wrap your hands with several layers of dry clothes, or stand on a dry board and pull the clothes of the person who gets an electric shock away from the power supply.

3. After the person who gets an electric shock is disconnected from the power supply, he/she should be checked whether he/she is conscious. If he/she is conscious, he/she should lie flat on the spot and observe closely. He/she should not stand or walk for the time being; If you are unconscious, lie flat on your back and ensure that your airway is unobstructed. Call the injured person or pat him on the shoulder at 5 second intervals to determine whether he is unconscious. It is forbidden to shake the head of the wounded to call for the wounded;

4. The injured person to be rescued shall be immediately and correctly rescued by artificial pulmonary resuscitation on the spot, and try to contact the school clinic to take over the treatment.

Emergency response plan for chemical burns in laboratory:

1. Strong acid, strong base and some other chemicals have strong irritation and corrosion. When these chemical burns occur, they should be washed with a large amount of flowing water, and then neutralized with low concentration (2%~5%) weak base (caused by strong acid) and weak acid (caused by strong base) respectively. After treatment, the next step will be carried out according to the situation;

2. In case of splashing into eyes, immediately flush with a large amount of clean water or normal saline nearby. A special eyewash tap is provided in each laboratory floor. When washing, place your eyes above the faucet and wash your eyes with water upward for at least 15 minutes. Never close your eyes tightly due to pain. After treatment, the patient shall be sent to the eye hospital for treatment.

The above is organized by the wound core detection teamCMA/CNAS laboratory safety emergency measuresI hope it will be helpful to you. Chuangxin Testing is a professional testing agency for electronic components. At present, it mainly provides integrated circuit testing services such as capacitance, resistance, connector, MCU, CPLD, FPGA, DSP, etc. Specializing in electronic component function testing, electronic component incoming appearance testing, electronic component dissection testing, acetone testing, electronic component X-ray scanning testing, ROHS component analysis testing. Welcome to call, we will serve you wholeheartedly!