Electrical performance test | Difference between insulation resistance test and withstand voltage test

Date：2022-09-14 17:49:02Views：1539

In the safety testing of electronic and electrical products, insulation and withstand voltage tests are one of the basic test items, and sometimes their test meanings are easily confused. Withstand voltage test and insulation test are both test methods for electrical equipment. However, the insulation test must be carried out before the withstand voltage test, because the withstand voltage test is a destructive test. Only by ensuring that the insulation of the equipment is OK, and then applying the withstand voltage test, the electrical equipment will not be unnecessarily burned. Today, we specially sorted out some differences between insulation and withstand voltage tests, hoping to help you.

What is the difference between insulation test and withstand voltage test?

1、 The principles of the two are different:

1. The principle of insulation resistance test: the DC high voltage generated by the DC/DC conversion of the battery in the machine through the DC/DC conversion from the E-pole to the tested object reaches the L-pole, thus generating a current from the E-pole to the L-pole. After I/V conversion, the divider completes the calculation and directly displays the measured insulation resistance value on the LCD.

2. The principle of insulation withstand voltage test: apply a voltage higher than the normal working voltage to the insulator of the equipment under test for a specified period of time, and the voltage will only produce a small leakage current, so the insulation is good. The test system is composed of three modules: programmable power module, signal acquisition and conditioning module and computer control system. Select two indicators of the voltage withstand tester: maximum output voltage value and maximum alarm current value.

2、 The two have different characteristics:

1. The characteristics of insulation resistance test: high output power, strong load capacity, and strong anti-interference ability. The shell of the meter is composed of high-strength aluminum alloy. Equipotential protection ring and fourth order active low-pass filter are set inside the meter, which can effectively shield the external power frequency and strong electromagnetic field.

As the output short circuit current of capacitive test object is greater than 1.6mA, it is easy to rapidly increase the test voltage to the rated value of output voltage. For low resistance measurement, the voltage drop does not affect the test accuracy because of the proportion method design.

2. Features of insulation withstand voltage test: withstand voltage test refers to the test of withstand voltage capability of various electrical devices, insulating materials and insulation structures. The process of applying high voltage to insulating materials or insulating structures without damaging the performance of insulating materials is called voltage withstand test. Generally speaking, the withstand voltage test is mainly used to check the ability of insulation to withstand working voltage or overvoltage, and then to check whether the insulation performance of product equipment meets the safety standards.

3、 The two have different uses:

1. Application of insulation resistance test: it is a common and indispensable instrument for power, post and telecommunications, communication, electromechanical installation and maintenance, and industrial enterprise departments using electricity as industrial power or energy. It is suitable for measuring the resistance of various insulating materials and transformers, motors, cables and electrical appliances.

2. Use of insulation withstand voltage test: mainly used for the withstand voltage test of polyethylene insulated power cables, but also for the insulation withstand voltage test of large power transformers. It is a new method to test the withstand voltage of power cable with ultra-low frequency and high voltage.

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